Jan202025
PRK vs LASIK eye surgery comparison

PRK vs. LASIK: Differences, Pros, Cons, and What to Expect

When it comes to vision correction, LASIK eye surgery is a household name. It is widely known for helping millions reduce or eliminate their reliance on glasses and contact lenses. We’ve previously covered LASIK in detail, including its benefits, procedure, and recovery. However, PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy), developed in the 1980s, is another highly effective laser treatment that preceded LASIK, which became popular in the 1990s. Both procedures offer significant benefits for those seeking clearer vision but differ in techniques, recovery, and suitability for certain patients.

In this blog, we’ll explore the differences between PRK and LASIK, including the pros and cons of each, the recovery process, and what to expect during and after surgery. By understanding both options, you can make an informed decision about which procedure is best for you.

What Are PRK and LASIK?

PRK laser eye surgery and LASIK are refractive surgeries designed to reshape the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye, to improve how light enters and reaches the retina. This results in clearer vision, reducing or eliminating the need for glasses or contact lenses.

  • LASIK (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis) involves creating a thin flap on the cornea, which is lifted to allow the laser to reshape the underlying tissue. The flap is then repositioned, leading to quicker healing and minimal discomfort.
  • PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy), on the other hand, removes the outer layer of the cornea (epithelium) entirely before reshaping the corneal tissue beneath it with a laser. This means there’s no need for a flap, and the outer layer grows back naturally during healing.

Key Differences Between PRK and LASIK

PRK vs LASIK eye surgery: Understanding the differences between these two will help you decide which is right for you.

Surgical Technique

  • PRK: Involves removing the cornea’s outer layer and reshaping the tissue beneath it using a laser. No flap is created, which means there’s no risk of flap-related complications.
  • LASIK: A flap is created on the cornea, allowing the underlying tissue to be reshaped. After the laser treatment, the flap is repositioned.

Recovery Time

  • PRK: Recovery is slower, with the vision stabilising over weeks. Patients experience more discomfort during the initial healing period.
  • LASIK: Quicker recovery time, with clearer vision often achieved within a few days. The discomfort is generally less than that of PRK.

Suitability for Patients

  • PRK: Recommended for people with thinner corneas or those who participate in contact sports or activities with a higher risk of eye injury. It's also ideal for people who aren't suitable candidates for LASIK.
  • LASIK: Best for people with thicker corneas and those looking for faster recovery.

Comfort Level

  • PRK: More discomfort during the initial healing phase, with some patients experiencing temporary haze or light sensitivity.
  • LASIK: Less post-operative discomfort and faster stabilisation of vision.

Pros and Cons of PRK

Let’s examine the advantages and disadvantages of PRK laser eye surgery vs LASIK.

Pros of PRK

  • No flap complications: Since no flap was created in PRK, there is no risk of complications related to flap displacement.
  • Ideal for thinner corneas: If you have a thinner cornea, you may not be a candidate for LASIK, but PRK can still provide excellent results.
  • Stable long-term results: PRK can offer stable results for long-term vision correction, especially for those in high-risk occupations.

Cons of PRK

  • Longer recovery: PRK requires a longer recovery time than LASIK, with vision improving gradually over weeks.
  • Initial discomfort: Patients often experience pain, light sensitivity, and a longer period of blurry vision.
  • Vision improvement takes longer: The full vision correction effects can take time, making it less ideal for people who want faster results.

Pros and Cons of LASIK

Now, let’s explore the pros and cons of LASIK.

Pros of LASIK

  • Quick recovery: LASIK offers a much faster recovery time, with many patients experiencing improved vision within a day or two.
  • Minimal discomfort: The procedure is painless and most patients feel minimal discomfort afterwards.
  • Widely available and well-researched: LASIK has been widely studied and is available in most eye centres with excellent results.

Cons of LASIK

  • Flap-related complications: LASIK involves creating a flap in the cornea, which can lead to complications such as flap displacement or infection.
  • Dry eyes: Some patients experience temporary or long-term dry eye symptoms after LASIK.
  • Not suitable for thin corneas: LASIK might not be an option and PRK may be a better choice if you have a thin cornea.

What to Expect During and After the Procedures

Here’s what you can expect during and after PRK and LASIK eye surgery.

Before Surgery

Before surgery, you’ll undergo a thorough eye examination to determine your eye health and which procedure is most suitable. Patients are advised to avoid wearing contact lenses before the exam and surgery. Makeup, lotions, and perfumes should also be avoided to prevent irritation or infection during the procedure.

During Surgery

Both procedures typically take about 15 minutes per eye. Numbing eye drops are used to ensure a painless experience. They are performed under local anaesthesia, and you will be awake during the entire process.

  • PRK: The cornea’s outer layer is removed, and the underlying tissue is reshaped with a laser.
  • LASIK: A flap is created on the cornea, which is lifted to allow the laser to reshape the tissue beneath.

After Surgery

After PRK, discomfort may last a few days, and a bandage contact lens is placed for protection. Full recovery may take weeks, and vision improves gradually. In LASIK, discomfort is minimal, and vision stabilises within a few days. Eye drops are used in both procedures to aid healing and reduce dryness.

Who Is a Good Candidate?

Ideal candidates for LASIK or PRK should:

  • Be over 18 years old (preferably 21 years or older).
  • Have a stable vision for at least one year.
  • Be free from conditions like glaucoma, cataracts, or dry eye syndrome.
  • Have corneas of adequate thickness for LASIK or a thinner cornea for PRK.

An experienced eye surgeon can help you decide which is ideal for your specific needs.

Long-Term Outcomes and Maintenance

Both PRK vs LASIK eye surgery offer long-lasting results. However, some patients may need enhancement surgeries after 10 or more years to maintain optimal vision. Regular eye checkups are important to monitor any changes in vision and address issues early.

Alternatives to PRK and LASIK

While PRK and LASIK are popular choices, there are alternatives:

  • SMILE: A minimally invasive laser procedure that removes a small piece of corneal tissue.
  • Implantable Collamer Lenses (ICL): A lens implanted in the eye for those who are not suitable candidates for LASIK.
  • Refractive lens exchange: Suitable for those with presbyopia or cataracts.

Conclusion

PRK and LASIK provide excellent vision correction, but the right choice depends on your eye health, needs, and lifestyle. LASIK is ideal for quick recovery, while PRK is better for thin corneas or high-risk professions.

At Maxivision Eye Hospitals, we are committed to providing personalised care and helping you make the best decisions for your eye health. Consult our expert team to determine whether LASIK or PRK is right for you.