Refractive Errors

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    What is Refractive Errors?

    Understanding About

    Refractive Errors

    The prevalence of refractive errors, including myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, anisometropia, and presbyopia, is significant globally and specifically in Germany, affecting nearly 70% of adults. Secondly, the majority of individuals with refractive errors rely on visual aids such as eyeglasses or contact lenses for correction, with only about 31% of adults foregoing such aids in 2011.

    Additionally, refractive errors rank as the primary reason for ophthalmologist visits, constituting 21.1% of outpatient consultations, underscoring their significance in healthcare utilization. Moreover, their socio-economic impact is notable, evident in the expenditures on optician services, ophthalmologist care, and eye medications by the average German citizen.

    Simple diagnostic tools, like the pinhole aperture, are instrumental in assessing impaired visual function due to optical factors, facilitating efficient identification of refractive errors even by non-ophthalmologists. Lastly, the global trend reveals an increasing prevalence of myopia, particularly in Asian countries, indicating the dynamic nature of refractive error epidemiology. Thus, this understanding encompasses not only the prevalence and impact of refractive errors but also diagnostic approaches and evolving global patterns.

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    Dr. Kasu Prasad Reddy, M.B, D.O, MRCOphth
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    Dr. Kasu Prasad Reddy

    M.B, D.O, MRCOphthCheif Cataract & Refractive Surgeon
    Somajiguda
    , Telangana

    Dr. P. Muralidhar Rao, MBBS, M.S, FIVR
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    Dr. P. Muralidhar Rao

    MBBS, M.S, FIVRSr. Vitreo Retinal Surgeon
    Somajiguda
    , Telangana

    Dr. V J Ramakumar, MBBS, M.S , D.O
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    Dr. V J Ramakumar

    MBBS, M.S , D.OSr. General Ophthalmologist
    Somajiguda
    , Telangana

    Dr. Anitha C Kamarthy, MBBS, M.S
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    Dr. Anitha C Kamarthy

    MBBS, M.SSr. Cataract & Glaucoma Surgeon
    Somajiguda
    , Telangana

    Dr. B M Anil Kumar, MBBS, D.O, FLVPEI, MBA
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    Dr. B M Anil Kumar

    MBBS, D.O, FLVPEI, MBASr. Glaucoma Consultant
    Somajiguda
    , Telangana

    Dr. Vamshidhar, MBBS, DNB, FICO ( UK)
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    Dr. Vamshidhar

    MBBS, DNB, FICO ( UK)Sr. Cataract & Refractive Surgeon
    Somajiguda
    , Telangana

    Refractive Errors

    Refractive Errors
    FAQS
    Some of the symptoms of uncorrected refractive error are blurred or distorted vision; headaches, squinting and eye strain; difficulty reading; double vision; ‘halos’ around bright lights; and haziness.

    There are a few simple solutions that are available to correct refractive error, including eyeglasses, contact lenses, or different kinds of surgery. Eyeglasses are the most common and simple solution. An eye care professional can measure you for a pair of eyeglasses for effective correction. 

    Contact lenses are a less common, but still popular treatment for correcting refractive error. They work by placing an artificial lens on the film of tears covering the eye’s surface.

    Corrective surgery is a possibility for some patients. Corrective surgery options include refractive laser surgery and intraocular lens (IOL) implant surgery.

    Uncorrected refractive error is the second leading cause of blindness in the world. Refractive error can be diagnosed by an eye care professional after a comprehensive eye examination. It can be treated in most cases with a simple pair of glasses. However, if left untreated it can have a big impact on educational outcomes, productivity, and the quality of life of those affected. In children, uncorrected refractive error can sometimes lead to amblyopia, also known as lazy eye.
    In order to see clearly, the refractive components of the eye (lens and cornea) and the length of the eyeball must match. This enables light, from objects we are looking at, to be focused onto the retina at the back of the eye to form a clear image. When there is a mismatch between the refractive components of the eye and the length of the eyeball – the result is an out of focus or blurred image. This is known as refractive error.
    A refractive error can be diagnosed with a test known as refraction during a comprehensive dilated eye examination, either with a computerized instrument (automated refraction) or with a mechanical instrument called a phoropter (manual refraction). The ophthalmologist uses an assortment of lenses to determine the type of corrective eye glasses or contact lenses that can help the patient’s eye focus better for clearer vision.
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